Will Low-Cost Genome Sequencing Open 'Pandora's Box'?

Beau Gunderson's $999 genome test showed that he didn't inherit the gene for Alzheimer's, but he carries genes found in Olympic sprinters.
Beau Gunderson's $999 genome test showed that he didn't inherit the gene for Alzheimer's, but he carries genes found in Olympic sprinters.
Courtesy of Beau Gunderson
Beau Gunderson's fascinated by what he might learn from his DNA.
"I'm curious about what makes me tick, essentially," says Gunderson, 29, who writes code for a Silicon Valley startup.
So Gunderson has signed up for every genetic test he's been able to afford. And he can't wait for the price of getting his entire genetic code — his genome — to drop to about $1,000, as many are predicting is imminent.
"Yeah, if the price does drop — to a thousand bucks for example — I might pay that. That's a good personal price point for me," Gunderson said.
So-called whole genome sequencing is already available for between about $4,000 and $10,000.
"The early adopters that are getting this done now are those who have this incredible curiosity about their genetic makeup, about their potential genetic destiny," said Jay Flatley, who headsIllumina Inc., of San Diego.
Illumina even recently started offering an iPad app that people can use to learn more about whole genome sequencing and their own genomes. In September, the company announced a new service that could deliver a genome in two weeks.
So far sequencing is being used primarily only to diagnose mysterious medical conditions and help treat cancer patients, and by scientists, biotech executives and other people who can afford the out-of-pocket cost.
But the price is plummeting, and many are predicting the $1,000 genome is coming soon. And when that happens sequencing could become much more common.
"I think it's going to be just kind of crazy not to have your genetics known," says Brian Naughton of 23& Me, another genetic testing company. "It would be kind of like not knowing if you are allergic to a drug or not knowing your family history of a disease."
But all it takes to get your genome sequenced is a blood sample, and in weeks you get the results.
The Proton Semiconductor Sequencer from Ion Torrent Systems Inc. is a new DNA sequencing machine designed to sequence the entire human genome in about eight hours for $1,000.
Ethan Miller/Getty Images
This summer Gunderson jumped at a special deal from 23&Me. For $999, he could be one of the first 100 customers to get a big chunk of his genetic code sequenced. It's the part called the exome, which contains all the known genes.
Most of the information would be basically gobbledygook to most people — even most doctors. But Gunderson has learned he didn't inherit an Alzheimer's gene. And he found out a cool reason why — maybe — he made the track team: He has genes found in a lot of Olympic sprinters.
Gunderson still has lots of questions. He wonders if he is carrying any genes that could make him sick.

And he has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. So he wonders: Could his genes give him any clues about that?